In a nutshell: mastering Arabic numbers is vital for daily tasks, including budgeting and time management. The two primary styles, Western (1, 2, 3…) and Eastern (١, ٢, ٣…), trace their roots to Indian mathematicians. Key skills include correct pronunciation, understanding place value, and recognizing numerical patterns. Avoiding common errors, such as misreading digit order and neglecting the conjunction “و” (wa), is crucial. 

Imagine a life without numbers, everything will become unmeasurable, and time, dates, budgets, lengths, sciences, and more will all vanish! That’s why Arab scholars in the 8th century AD got more and more interested in numbers from the beginning of the caliphate’s state growth. It’s time to start learning numbers as you begin your Arabic learning journey! So, what are the basics of Arabic numbers? How can you learn the numbers from 1 to 10?

What Is the Meaning of the Arabic Numbers?

Arabic numbers are a word, a combination of words, or a special pattern that can be applied to describe quantities, dimensions, time, equation variables, code scripts, and more.

History of Arabic Numbers

What makes Arabic numbers special is the history of their development. There are mainly two styles of Arabic numbers, one that most countries use in their daily lives, and the other that is mainly popular in the Middle East and North Africa.

The first is called the Western Arabic numerals, for example, the numbers from 1 to 10 are written this way: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Looks familiar, right?

Europeans learned about Western Arabic numerals in the 10th century, mostly from the Arabs of Al-Andalus (Currently Spain and Portugal). This style of Arabic numbers at that time in history was popular among  Muslims in North Africa.

While the Eastern Arabic numerals were originally invented by Indian mathematicians, between the 1st and 4th centuries, this makes them older than Western Arabic numbers. If we need to write 1 to 10, they will be written as follows, ١٠, ٨, ٧, ٦, ٥, ٤, ٣ ,٢ ,١. 

Al-Khwarizmi is the famous Muslim mathematician who first used these numbers in his writings and helped in spreading this style in the Arab World. in the 9th century. That’s why they’re called Mashriki. Worth mentioning, that Al-Khwarizmi was the first who know how a zero functions, which helped him develop Algebra later.

This means the two styles have the same Indian origin. However, even if they’re written differently, they are written and pronounced in the same way, using the same letters.

read more about how to learn Arabic online

How to Read Arabic Numbers?

I will share some tips that come from years of our Khalimah center’s long experience in teaching Arabic. These tips can help you avoid the common mistakes many learners make while they are trying reading Arabic numbers.

First: Pronounce Arabic Numbers from 1 to 10 Correctly

First, you need to pronunce the Arabic digits from 0 to 9 correctly. These are the building blocks for reading all other numbers. Without knowing these, reading Arabic numbers will be difficult. Let’s review them again:

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0
١	٢	٣	٤	٥	٦	٧	٨	٩	٠

I’ve found that breaking down each number and focusing on how it sounds helps learners a lot. Let me walk you through it step by step, using some techniques that I know will make it clear.

Learn How to Pronounce from 1 to 5 Correctly: 

Numbers are like any Arabic word, if you know the pronunciation and phonetics, they will be easily spoken, written, and read.

Here are the numbers from one to five in Modern Standard Arabic:

1 One Wahed واحِد

To pronounce this number, divide it into three syllables. The first syllable is pronounced by opening your lips upward and keeping your tongue in your mouth, which forms “Wa”. Following that, slightly close your lips together while exhaling from your deep throat “He”, and finish the word with a “D” sound.

2 Two Ithnan  اثْنَان

This number can be broken down into two syllables, with the first syllable being pronounced as “Ithn” and the second syllable, “Nan,” acting as a link.

3 Three Thalatha ثَلَاثَة

Three syllables make up the number; the first is “Tha,” the second is “La,” and the third is “Tha.” So, the final form is “Tha-La-Tha”.

4 Four Arba’a أَرْبَعَة

This number is a challenge for most learners. It has two syllables, one of which containing the letter “Ain ع”. The first syllable is “Ar”, the second is “Ba”, and the third is “ ‘aa”. During pronouncing the third syllable, the epiglottis goes towards the back wall of the throat to make the right sound.

5 Five  Khamsa خَمْسَة

Another difficult number because it contains the letter “Kha’” which causes the back of the tongue to rise when spoken. The number “Kham-Sa” is primarily made up of the two syllables “Kham” and “Sa”.

Learn How to Pronounce From 6 to 10 Correctly: The next five numbers should be learned after you have mastered the first five. According to MSA, the numbers 6 through 10 will be written and pronounced as follows:

6 Six Setta سِتَّة

The two syllables in this number are “Set” and “Ta”. It is a fairly easy and fluid number.

7 Seven Sab’a سَبْعَة

Due to the existence of the letter “Ein,” the two-syllable number seven, “Sab-‘aa” is just as challenging as Arba’a. so , you need to imitate the third syllable you’ve produced when pronouncing Arba’a “4” to correctly pronounce the second syllable here.

8 Eight Thamanyia ثَمَانِيَة

The number eight in Arabic consists of three syllables. Each syllable has a vowel, as we call it in English. The syllables are “Tha”, “Ma”, and “Nyia”.

9 Nine Tes’ah تِسعْة

Like the number seven, similarly. Here, the Arabic word for nine has two syllables: “Tes” and “‘ah.” Apply the same method and point of articulation that you did when pronouncing Tes’ah and Arba’a. 

10 Ten ‘ashrah عَشْرَة

The Arabic number ten consists of two syllables; “‘Ash” and “Rah”. This number contains the “Ein” at the first syllable, not the second or the third syllables as previous numbers.

Learn the Zero صِفُر

It’s a two-syllable number “Say-fur”, which is the zero that gives value to any whole number when it is on the right side of the number, but is worthless when it is on the left side. Although Al-Khwarizmi later developed its functions, the digit was originally an Indian digit. A zero can be found in many places, including phone numbers, credit cards, some Arab countries’ ground floor, etc.

During the Crusades against Jerusalem, Egypt, and the Levant, Europe became familiar with the Arabic zero.

Second: Understand Place Value in Arabic Numbers

One thing many learners forget is that even though we write numbers left to right in Arabic, the place value of each digit is important. The rightmost digit is the “ones,” the next is the “tens,” then the “hundreds,” and so on. This is exactly like in English, but some learners think that because Arabic text is written from right to left, numbers should follow. That is not true!

For example, if you see ٢٥٧ (maʾatan wa sab‘a wa khamsoon), it means 257, not 752.

At Kalimah Center, we believe in building a strong foundation from the beginning. This is why we focus on mastering numbers early in our online Arabic courses. Our structured lessons and real-life practice make learning numbers easy and enjoyable. So, if you want to learn Arabic numbers and much more, join us for a FREE trial class.

Experience Kalimah Center Classes

Watch real excerpts from our live sessions at Kalimah Center and see how we bring learning to life. These clips highlight our interactive, student-centered teaching approach across all our courses—designed to keep learners engaged, motivated, and actively involved every step of the way.

Third: Look for Patterns in Arabic Numbers

Arabic numbers follow a very logical pattern in Arabic. Once you know the numbers from 1 to 9, it becomes easier to figure out larger numbers. Arabic numbers combine the smaller numbers you already know. Let me explain with an example:

• The number 21 in Arabic is ٢١ (wahid wa ‘ishroon). You see? It’s the number 1 combined with 20.
• The number 45 is ٤٥ (khamsa wa arba‘oon). Here we combine 5 with 40.

Recognizing this pattern will help you to quickly read and understand larger numbers.

Fourth: Watch for the Word “و” (wa) in Arabic Numbers

In Arabic, we use the word “و” (wa) between numbers to mean “and.” For example, if you want to say 32, you say: اثنان و ثلاثون (ithnān wa thalāthūn), which means “two and thirty.”

This little word “و” connects numbers together. You will see it often in everyday life when reading prices or phone numbers.

Fifth: Common Mistakes to Avoid When Reading Arabic Numbers

Let me share some common mistakes:

• Reversing the Numbers: Many beginners confuse the direction of reading numbers. When reading numbers with tens and units, start from the rightmost digit (the units) and then read the leftmost digit (the tens). If you see ٣٢ (ithnān wa thalāthūn), it’s 32, not 23.
• Skipping the “wa”: Some learners forget to include the “و” (wa) when reading compound numbers. This small word is important because it connects the tens and ones.

By avoiding these mistakes, you’ll make faster progress in reading numbers.

How to Write Arabic Numbers?

Now that you know how to read Arabic numbers, it’s time to learn how to write them. Writing numbers in Arabic is not difficult, but there are some small tricks that can make it easier, especially when it comes to writing numbers with units, tens, and hundreds.

Let me take you step by step, and I will share with you some useful tips.

1. Start With Writing the Basic Arabic Numbers

If you are just starting, it’s always good to begin with simple numbers, like the ones from 0 to 9. You already know how to recognize them, but writing them is important too. The digits from ٠ to ٩ (0 to 9) are the foundation of all other numbers, so make sure you can write them smoothly.

Printable Worksheet to Practice Writing Arabic Numbers

This worksheet is designed to help young learners familiarize themselves with Arabic numbers from 1 to 20. It includes tracing exercises where learners can practice writing the numbers after seeing them represented by raised fingers. 

The numbers are presented in their standard Arabic numeral form as well as their written Arabic word form, aiding in number recognition and writing practice. 

Let’s break down what we’re seeing in this example:

• Top Left Corner: We see the Arabic numeral for one (١) along with a hand showing one finger. This visually connects the number with its quantity.
• Top Right Corner: The word “واحد” is written in Arabic script. This helps associate the written word with both the numeral and the quantity.
• Center & Bottom: There are sections with dotted lines for tracing.

This repetition is great for reinforcing both the shape of the numeral and how to write the word.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vRah5C-FcpU5UEOHSe_2UJAjT-EhJYov/view

1. Writing Arabic Numbers with Ones and Tens

Now, let’s move to more complex numbers. When writing numbers that are composed of Ones and tens, we write them from right to left in handwriting, just as we pronounce the ones digit first. This might feel strange at first, but it will soon become natural.

For example:

• The number 32 in Arabic is written as ٣٢ (ithnān wa thalathoon). You see, the “two” (٢) comes first, and then “thirty” (٣٠).
• The number 75 is written as ٧٥ (Khamsa wa sab‘oon). First comes the “five” (٥), followed by the “seventy” (٧٠).

This is one of the easiest ways to write numbers, and it’s logical because it follows the natural order of how we say them. In fact, many of my students find this pattern more intuitive once they get used to it.

But remember, this is in handwriting only, however, in typing the Arabic numbers are written from Left to right, like English. 

3. Writing Arabic Numbers with Hundreds, Tens, and Ones

Now let’s talk about numbers with hundreds. This is where things can feel tricky for beginners, but I will explain it in a simple way. When you write numbers with hundreds, tens, and ones, you should write the hundreds digit first because you pronounce it first.

For example:

• The number 145 is written as ١٤٥ (mi’a wa khamsa wa arba‘ūn). First, you write ١ (100), then ٥ (5), and then ٤ (40). It follows how we say the number in Arabic: “one hundred, five, and forty.”

Let me show you a few more examples:

• 256: In Arabic, this is written as ٢٥٦ (mi’atān wa sitta wa khamsūn). First comes the ٢ (200), then the ٦ (6), followed by the ٥ (50).
• 389: This is written as ٣٨٩ (thalāth mi’a wa tis‘a wa thamānūn), with ٣ (300), then ٩ (9), and ٨ (80).

By following this simple rule, you can avoid confusion and write numbers the correct way.

FAQs:

What are Arabic Numerals?

Hindu Arabic is frequently used in state-run institutions, official documents, etc. in many Arab nations. They are so named because, as we previously stated, they are of Indian ancestry. Typically, they consist of 10 digits, which can be combined to create any number you need to write down or formulate. The same direction of flow is used to write these numbers, from left to right, as it is to write Western Arabic numbers 1, 2, 3, etc. 

Why Are Arabic Numerals Base 10?

Arabic numerals are based on the fact that most people have ten fingers, which they can use for simple counting. 

How Do You Say 100 in Arabic?

The number 100 is pronounced in Arabic as “Me’ah مئة”. It consists of two syllables “Me’’’ and “Ah”. Some wrongly pronounce “Ma’ah مائة” which totally wrong. It is only correct when it is a conjugate to multiple of hundred like “ThalathMa’ah ثلاثمائة”.

How to Memorize Arabic Numbers?

Memorizing Arabic numbers depends on knowing the forms of Western and Eastern Arabic. Here is an App that helps you write the number shapes correctly. 

Arabic Numbers: Learn & Write

Also, memorizing need to practice writing the numbers in letters and pronouncing them, there is another app that helps you achieve these missions:

Learn Arabic Number Easily

After that, try to apply what you learn in your daily life to make it natural, and transfer the knowledge from short-term memory to long-term memory.

Why Are English Numbers Called Arabic?

English Numbers are Called Arabic because Europe borrowed the Western Arabic numbers during the Arab existence in the Iberian Peninsula in the 10th century.

What Does 7 Mean in Arabic Texting?

Sab’a سَبْعَة means 7 in Arabic texting. It is written like this ٧ in the Eastern Arabic form.

Which Countries Use Arabic Numerals?

Egypt, Sudan, Asian Arab countries, GCC, Iran, and Afghanistan all use Arabic Numerals.

What Is the Difference Between Arabic and Roman Numerals?

Roman Numerals don’t include a zero. That’s a significant difference between Arabic and Roman numerals. The numbers were written in this way:

	Thousands	Hundreds	Tens	Units
1	M	C	X	I
2	MM	CC	XX	II
3	MMM	CCC	XXX	III
4		CD	XL	IV
5		D	L	V
6		DC	LX	VI
7		DCC	LXX	VII
8		DCCC	LXXX	VIII
9		CM	XC	IX

Learning Arabic numbers is an important first step that makes it easier to comprehend the many contexts in which numbers are used. You can ask for prices, weights, lengths, distances, times, and more by using numbers. Everywhere in the world, including the Arab countries, numbers play a significant role in daily life. For this reason, you should learn them.

Inside Kalimah Center: Moments from Our Courses

Get a glimpse into the vibrant learning experience at Kalimah Center. These snapshots capture real moments from our live classes—where students engage deeply, connect with passionate instructors, and grow in a welcoming, supportive environment.

Here Are The Reviews On Our Courses:

Our students frequently commend the excellence of our courses and the commitment shown by our instructors. You can read their complete reviews on Trustpilot.

Want to Master Arabic Numbers? We Can Help!

Learning about Arabic numbers is a great start, but do you want to really understand them? At Kalimah Center, we can help you go from beginner to expert in no time!

Our online Arabic courses offer:

• Start with the basics: Our Arabic Alphabet course will teach you how to read and write any Arabic word, including numbers.
• Comprehensive learning: Start with the alphabet and progress to fluency in reading, writing, listening, and speaking.

📚 Explore Our Courses:

Online Arabic Course: Tailored to your level, our comprehensive Arabic program includes 16 teaching levels and 400+ hours of personalized sessions.

Online Quran With Tajweed Course: Perfect for non-Arabic speakers, our course spans 13 levels and equips you with Tajweed mastery from beginner to advanced.

Online Arabic Course For Kids: Nurture your child’s love for Arabic with our engaging and structured program, available in 24 levels for primary, intermediate, and secondary stages.

🚀 Start Your Free Trial Today! 🚀

Don’t miss out on this life-changing opportunity to deepen your faith and knowledge. Sign up now for your free trial and take the first step towards becoming a better practicing Muslim with Kalimah Center!

Join us for a FREE trial class.

And consider to join Kalimah Intensive Group Classes!

• Learn with other Muslims: Make new friends from all over the world.
• Cheaper than private lessons: Learn more and pay less!
• Small classes: Lots of time to practice speaking with your teacher.

Choose your preferred time!

Conclusion:

Learning Arabic numbers is crucial for everyday activities, as they are essential for measuring time, budgets, and quantities. There are two main styles: Western Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3…) and Eastern Arabic numerals (١, ٢, ٣…). 

To avoid common mistakes, learners should pay attention to the order of digits and the connective word “و” (wa) when reading compound numbers. Writing Arabic numbers involves a right-to-left structure in handwriting, while typing follows a left-to-right format.